What is responsible for clonal selection?

What is responsible for clonal selection?

Clonal selection: The idea that lymphocytes have antigen-specific binding receptors before they encounter with an antigen, and are selected to proliferate because they have the specific antigen receptor needed during an adaptive immune response.

What is being selected in clonal selection?

Clonal selection is a process proposed to explain how a single B or T cell that recognizes an antigen that enters the body is selected from the pre-existing cell pool of differing antigen specificities and then reproduced to generate a clonal cell population that eliminates the antigen.

How does clonal selection begin?

Clonal selection is the theory that specific antigen receptors exist on lymphocytes before they are presented with an antigen due to random mutations during initial maturation and proliferation. After antigen presentation, selected lymphocytes undergo clonal expansion because they have the needed antigen receptor.

What is clonal selection quizlet?

clonal selection. -antigenic-specific selection of a lymphocyte that activates it to produce clones of effector cells dedicated to eliminating the antigen that provoked the initial immune response. – one clone of cells consists of effector cells, another clone of cells consists of memory cells.

Who proposed the clonal selection theory?

doctor Frank Macfarlane Burnet
The concept was introduced by Australian doctor Frank Macfarlane Burnet in 1957, in an attempt to explain the great diversity of antibodies formed during initiation of the immune response.

Who described the clonal selection theory of antibody formation?

The introduction of the clonal selection theory of antibody formation by Macfarlane Burnet in the 1950s revived the idea that antibody-forming cells express cell-surface receptors by which they bind antigen.

Who introduced clonal selection theory?

Macfarlane Burnet
The introduction of the clonal selection theory of antibody formation by Macfarlane Burnet in the 1950s revived the idea that antibody-forming cells express cell-surface receptors by which they bind antigen.

Who proposed the clonal selection theory of acquired immunity?

Australian immunologist Frank Macfarlane Burnet, with input from David W. Talmage, worked on this model and was the first to name it “clonal selection theory. ” Burnet explained immunological memory as the cloning of two types of lymphocyte.

What causes clonal selection quizlet?

After encountering an antigen or antigen fragment it recognizes, the lymphocyte becomes activated, triggering a response called clonal selection (sometimes called clonal expansion). Clonal selection produces effector cells and memory cells of the activated lymphocyte.

What does the clonal selection theory state?

The theory states that in a pre-existing group of lymphocytes (specifically B cells), a specific antigen activates (i.e. selects) only its counter-specific cell, which then induces that particular cell to multiply, producing identical clones for antibody production.

How do vaccines trigger clonal selection?

Clonal selection theory illustrates how immunological memory permits a rapid response upon a second exposure to an antigen. Immunological memory is the basis of natural immunity and artificial immunity (from vaccinations). Each B cell has a specific antibody as a cell surface receptor.

What is clonal selection theory of antibody formation?

The clonal selection theory proposes that antigen selects lymphocytes for activation from a population of cells precommitted to produce specific antibody. Implicit in this theory is that antibody-forming cells are monospecific and express cell-surface receptors capable of binding foreign antigens.

What does clonal selection mean?

clonal selection. 1. The process by which T lymphocytes with receptors that react to autoantigens are destroyed in the thymus. 2. The increase of particular B or T lymphocyte clones after recognition of a specific antigen to which the body has been exposed.

What is the clonal selection theory as it applies to B cells?

Clonal selection Clonal selection is a theory that attempts to explain why lymphocytes are able to respond to so many different types of antigens. T and B cells are able to respond to nearly all of the world’s wide variety of antigens upon presentation.

Does clonal selection occur among T cells?

The clonal selection model is not limited to B cells, but also works in T cells , which are responsible for assisting the activity of the immune system and for killing infected cells of the body. Clonal selection also occurs in the development process of B and T cells, as cells know how to recognize receptors that require a reaction and not to recognize other structures that naturally exist in our body (i.e. so they do not attack healthy cells).

What is affinity in clonal selection?

Clonal selection is thought to cause mutations of antigen-binding affinity in memory cells during clonal expansion so that memory cells have greatly increased antigen-binding affinity than the effector cells during the first response.