How do bacteria and viruses cause damage to the body?

How do bacteria and viruses cause damage to the body?

Sometimes bacteria multiply so rapidly they crowd out host tissues and disrupt normal function. Sometimes they kill cells and tissues outright. Sometimes they make toxins that can paralyze, destroy cells’ metabolic machinery, or precipitate a massive immune reaction that is itself toxic.

How do viruses cause damage?

Viruses are like hijackers. They invade living, normal cells and use those cells to multiply and produce other viruses like themselves. This can kill, damage, or change the cells and make you sick. Different viruses attack certain cells in your body such as your liver, respiratory system, or blood.

What process kills harmful bacteria describe the process?

Pasteurization is the process of heating and cooling food to kill bacteria. The process of pasteurization was invented over 150 years ago by French scientist Louis Pasteur. He found that thermal processing (in basic terms, heating) could destroy, deactive, or eliminate unwanted bacteria and pathogens.

How do viruses affect cellular level?

Effects on Cell Biochemistry: Many viruses inhibit the synthesis of host cell macromolecules, including DNA, RNA, and protein. Viruses may also change cellular transcriptional activity, and protein-protein interactions, promoting efficient production of progeny virus.

Do viruses always cause disease?

Every virus-host relationship is different. In most cases, viruses do not cause any disease, and many are beneficial.

How are bacteria and viruses harmful to humans?

Pathogenic bacteria have a variety of ways of disrupting the activity of and causing damage to human genes. Horizontal gene transferAny process in which a bacterium inserts genetic material into the genomes of other pathogens or into the genome of its host.

How does a virus damage the host body?

Let’s look at the first case: direct viral damage. For those of you with college level biological knowledge, you are may remain under the impression that viruses destroy their hosts by proliferating to the point of literally bursting open their hosts, like the parasitic Face-Huggers of the film, Aliens.

What kind of virus can cause nerve damage?

Virus Diseases and Nerve Damage Viruses that can attack nerve tissues include herpes varicella-zoster (shingles), Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex-members of the large family of human herpes viruses. These viruses severely damage sensory nerves, causing attacks of sharp, lightning-like pain.

How does infection lead to disease in the body?

Infection does not necessarily lead to disease. Infection occurs when viruses, bacteria, or other microbes enter your body and begin to multiply. Sometimes bacteria multiply so rapidly they crowd out host tissues and disrupt normal function. Sometimes they kill cells and tissues outright.